Given a goal (A,t), STRIP_TAC removes one outermost occurrence of
one of the connectives !, ==>, ~ or /\ from the conclusion of
the goal t.  If t is a universally quantified term, then STRIP_TAC
strips off the quantifier:
      A ?- !x.u
   ==============  STRIP_TAC
     A ?- u[x'/x]
      A ?- v /\ w
   =================  STRIP_TAC
    A ?- v   A ?- w
    A ?- v1 /\ ... /\ vn ==> v            A ?- v1 \/ ... \/ vn ==> v
   ============================        =================================
       A u {v1,...,vn} ?- v             A u {v1} ?- v ... A u {vn} ?- v
     A ?- ?x.w ==> v
   ====================
    A u {w[x'/x]} ?- v